The 1-Year Loan Prime Rate (1Y LPR) is China's primary lending reference rate, serving as the benchmark for most new and outstanding short- and medium-term loans in the country. It is set monthly based on quotations submitted by a panel of 18 major commercial banks. An IRS CNY vs 1Y Loan Prime Rate is a derivative financial instrument that facilitates the exchange of interest payments. One party pays a fixed rate, while the other pays a floating rate linked to the 1Y LPR. This instrument is widely used by corporations to hedge against the risk of rising interest rates on their loans and by banks to manage interest rate risk in their credit portfolios.